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Valid Will

A legally effective will meeting all requirements: written, signed by testator aged 18+, witnessed by two adults, made with capacity and without undue influence.

A valid will in England and Wales must meet specific legal requirements to be enforceable.

Essential Requirements

  1. In writing: Handwritten or typed (video/audio wills are not valid)
  2. Signed by the testator: Or by someone at their direction
  3. Testator was 18 or older: Exceptions for military personnel
  4. Two witnesses present: Who then sign the will
  5. Witnesses are independent: Not beneficiaries or their spouses
  6. Testator had capacity: Understood what they were doing
  7. Made voluntarily: No undue influence or coercion

Common Reasons Wills Are Invalid

  • Beneficiary witnessed the will
  • Missing or incorrect signatures
  • Testator lacked mental capacity
  • Evidence of undue influence
  • Will was altered after signing without proper execution
  • Will was revoked by a later will or marriage

What Happens If a Will Is Invalid?

The estate is treated as if there's no will (intestate), or an earlier valid will takes effect if one exists.

Common questions

Is a will valid without a solicitor?
Yes, you don't need a solicitor. What matters is meeting the legal requirements. However, DIY wills have higher error rates.
Does a will need to be notarised?
No, wills don't need notarising in England and Wales. They just need proper signing and witnessing.
Can a will be handwritten?
Yes, handwritten (holographic) wills can be valid if properly signed and witnessed. They're harder to contest but easier to make mistakes with.
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